When small towns in America became homes to massive data centers, power and water costs often soared.
Data centers devour electricity, not just for running servers but for constant cooling, forcing utilities to expand grids and invest in transformers, lines, and substations.
Those infrastructure costs are spread across fewer local customers, so residential bills rise.
They also consume enormous quantities of water, both for cooling systems and indirectly through power generation.
In arid or rural areas, that strains wells and aquifers, prompting utilities to raise rates or restrict household use.
Some centers negotiate preferential industrial rates, meaning locals effectively subsidize them.
Towns like Mesa, AZ, and The Dalles, OR, have seen double-digit utility price jumps after large tech facilities arrived.
The result is a paradox: job creation is minimal, local taxes are often offset by incentives, and yet residents pay more for the basic resources data centers require most.
Sources: stpp.fordschool.umich.edu, lincolninst.edu, slowboring.com