The UK has invented a strange way of funding university. It's similar to the American model but without the option to go to a cheaper "community college"
(Costs here are converted to USD @ 1.34)
So basically, if you go to university (and don't have parental funding available), you're getting (approximately) $13000 per year in tuition fees as a loan. All universities charge the same (which is the maximum the government allows)
Additionally there's up to roughly $17000 per year as maintenance grant. In London for example, you'll need all that and more (my quick google suggests another $10000 per year.). At the cheapest places in the country you'll just about manage without needing extra funding. A huge part of the money goes on rent and is the main driver for why Newcastle, for example, is around $800 per month cheaper than London.
So, at the end of a three year degree you've got $90K of debt. Interest rates are RPI (not CPI which is what the government pays when it borrows!) and currently is 3.2% so there's roughly 3K of interest being added each year.
Loans are repaid once income reaches $34000 and you pay 9% of your income over that limit. So unless you're earning about $60K per year you won't even pay off the accruing interest.
I can't be arsed to do the calculation but I'm making a wild guess that at $80K per year you'll manage to pay it off. Only 10% of the UK population earns that sort of money. And that's just to pay it off, you'll be paying an extra 9% of your income for your entire working life. The loan gets written off at (I think) 60 years of age. So basically everybody is paying an extra 10% tax over $35K of income except for a few hyper-earners or those with parents who could fund them rather than borrowing.
And don't forget that those $80K incomes tend to be found in the most expensive cities, so overpaying to pay down the debt more quickly is harder than it first looks compared to someone living in a cheap city on $40K per year (roughly median income)
Because university is basically unaffordable, governments have not been putting up the maximum fee that can be charged, which means that universities are seeing a real-terms decline in their funding.
And the "get immigration numbers down at all cost" has meant that HMG are no longer issuing (as many) visas to international students. They subsidise UK students, particularly at the more prestigious universities where fees can be over $65K per year just for tuition.
It's been a disaster - and a rapid rethink:
https://ancillary-proxy.atarimworker.io?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fed...
The international student tuition fees at UCL range from about $30K for the cheapest courses all the way up to about $55K for the most expensive.