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Comment Unethical, but insightful (Score 3, Insightful) 36

From the point of view of extremely well-moneyed interests, the purpose of these social media platforms is to have a mass-scale means to gain insight into consumer thoughts and preferences, and to then persuade them to alter their behavior (e.g. purchasing decisions, voting, civic action, cultural participation, lifestyle choices). The value of LLMs and similar technologies is to bridge the gap between "collect data" and "deliver effective interventions" as cheaply as possible. If these researchers had done the exact same thing for a marketing agency or a political campaign, they'd never have published a word about what they did or how they did it, and they'd still be on the platform, they'd be getting paid a LOT more money, and their results would be furthering their careers.

So for as ethically troubled as this style of research is, the pearl clutching (especially by Reddit itself) gives me the same frustrated feeling I get when researchers deliver evidence of a viable exploit complete with a working PoC and demonstration of its real-world efficacy, and the vendor threatens them with consequences for finding it.

Comment Re:don't do it alone (Score 1) 378

So I'm not GP, but... teaching in a public school classroom is a VERY different workload from teaching one's own kids, or the kids in some small intentional community. Some examples of hard problems a public schoolteacher has to handle on a regular basis:
  - Kids with severe mental and/or physical disabilities that directly affect learning
  - Kids who are dealing with the realities of poverty and housing/food insecurity
  - Kids without caregivers that are engaged in their education, or even their lives in general
  - Kids who have very limited English skills
  - Kids with severe behavioral issues that can make it hard for the classroom to even function
  - Kids with parents who actively undermine the process while continuing to participate in it

These are all very difficult problems and taken together, they account for a very significant fraction of a public school's overall budget, not to mention the training that a schoolteacher receives prior to certification. If you're in a group of local professionals who are all interested enough in their kids to play an active role in their education, then there's an advance selection filter that greatly reduces the size and frequency of these problems. I would also wager that these parents have a great deal more leverage in dealing with behavioral issues than a schoolteacher does -- they can probably speak a lot more candidly to parents of disruptive kids than a schoolteacher may feel comfortable doing, and have a lot more leeway.

When kids are happy, able, well-nourished, and supported by a family who gives a shit about them and education in general, and when they live in safe environments with good role models, then they practically teach themselves, and in quite a few cases they actually do. Managing a classroom of 30 random kids from your local area every year, while maintaining consistency with the programming across the entire rest of the district and tiptoeing through the political minefield that is a public school is the part that requires a certified saint -- but there's not so many of those, so we make do with certified teachers.

Comment Re:Schools and parents have different goals (Score 1) 378

Great point! And yes, that’s true, it was a lot of work to get good context. To your point, for instance, there was a massive high school being built. I went through their entire budget and even compared it to prior years to see how it was evolving, and talked to local folks involved in the district that I knew personally and could have a more candid discussion with. I also looked into other nearby districts and the entire list of accredited private schools in my area. To my local district’s credit, they’re actually in better shape imho than some of the neighboring ones. Still, my takeaway was that the district was not cost-efficient compared to private school. The whole process unfolded over a couple years and culminated in my presenting my daughter with a short list of options for her continued schooling (including remaining in the district, either at her zoned school or one of the option schools we could apply to). Obviously she didn’t need all that, and I didn’t bore her with the budget stuff, but I got really curious.

Comment Schools and parents have different goals (Score 5, Insightful) 378

> "Despite claims that the home-schooling boom is a result of failing public schools, The Post found no correlation between school district quality, as measured by standardized test scores, and home-schooling growth. In fact, high-scoring districts had some of the biggest spikes in home schooling early in the pandemic, though by the fall of 2022 increases were similar regardless of school performance."

Test scores are how the school system assesses itself; not how parents are assessing the quality of their child's education. Frankly, the obsession with test scores is a big part of the problem. For instance, my daughter made it pretty clear to me that the schools only really cared about ensuring that kids were happy and comfortable at times when the standardized tests were conducted. Every conversation I had with her teachers had to be grounded in the specific learning objectives outlined in the Common Core curriculum as adopted in our state, and there was no possibility of her exploring any curiosity on her own, unless that curiosity exactly matched with the objectives of the curriculum at the exact time that the curriculum sought to teach it.

As someone who homeschooled myself growing up, I'm pretty used to hearing that schools are an essential place where people learn to socialize which I had missed out on, and that I'm lucky to not be socially crippled in some way as an adult, because it is dangerous to withhold that experience from kids. My expectation going into the public K-12 process, then, was that the local public school district would be fostering a social atmosphere that in some way taught and reflected actual social dynamics that I recognize from everyday life. Instead, as my daughter moved through the process, I found the school district instituted policies to try to avoid conflict, poorly, in a manner that seemed to interfere with normal friendships a lot more than unhealthy bully-victim relationships. For instance, kids were forbidden from inviting classmates to birthday parties, unless they were willing to invite ALL classmates, so no one would feel left out. When conflicts inevitably arose anyway, my kid was couched in heavily bureaucratized therapyspeak to have conversations that no humans I have ever met would actually have or expect to resolve their problem. When that didn't work there was really no follow-up. To me, it seemed that the entire point all along was to limit the school's liability for anything that goes wrong and to have policy in place that appeared to "do something," rather than providing an environment for kids to grow up and figure things out in.

The grading was also meaningless. The school was highly reluctant to offer feedback that is particularly negative or positive. I suspect that there are multiple motives here, from student:teacher ratios of 30:1 or worse, to an intense need to make the achievement gap go away -- if not in reality, then at least in published statistics. When my daughter heard that there was a "Talented and Gifted Program," she was keenly interested in working to be identified for it. I noticed that my daughter would work really hard on projects, and come home with a feedback that said stuff like "Great work! 3/4," with no additional context as to what was deficient or strong, or how the additional point could have been earned. The final straw for me came when she told me that she'd experimented and found that her grades had nothing to do with the level of effort she put forward. She also said that the best way to protect her own quiet time to think about what she wanted was to keep up with the material just well enough that no one thought she was falling behind. This ensured that teachers mostly left her alone as long as she was handing her work in.

Later, we learned that the TAG program is considered a political liability by administration and only exists at all because of a vaguely-worded state statute creating an unfunded mandate for one -- TAG has an annual funding of less than $70/student/year with 0.8 FTEs allocated to it across the entire K-12 district of ~50 schools and ~40k students, and results in no meaningful change to their educational experience. I have the strong impression now that admission is something used to appease certain parents, with an effort made to keep demographic balance in check so that the district doesn't seem like it is overserving or underserving any particular groups.

I offered to homeschool my daughter. But, she tried that during the pandemic and did not care for being at home all day. She really does want to be in a school setting, so now we do private school. She's a lot happier. She gets direct feedback on her actual work, is able to have friendships AND conflicts and navigate those in her own language with staff remaining hands-off, and teachers are a lot more free to actually define the content taught in their classroom each semester and encourage kids to branch out into different nooks and crannies that they get curious about. Oh, and I'm told the lunch is better too. I'm pretty sure the school does have a higher standardized test score too, but I honestly don't care.

Now obviously, a private school costs money, and that could account for some of this. I reviewed the budget of the public school district here, and found that the district spends significantly more per student than the private school does, even if we consider only the non-special-ed students from the district. I think the real issue is that public schools have a massive mission whose scope extends far beyond "just" education, and no one is even entirely sure what all that is. For instance: public schools provide meal programs for the poor; a detection system for certain kinds of abuse; early-intervention programs for at-risk youth; various law enforcement programs; special-needs therapy programs for kids with severe mental or physical issues; cultural engineering programming to try to inculcate specific civic values and correct certain issues; a political arena for the various factions of society to duke out what those values and issues are; and perhaps most importantly and above all else, a place for people to store their kids while both parents are engaged in full-time work outside the home. It is not especially good at any of these things, but with such a huge mission, how could it be?

Like I said, I homeschooled myself, so I can't say what public school was like when I was a kid and compare that to what my daughter experienced. My parents pulled me out because they themselves had become fed up with the school district with my older siblings, rather than any religious or fringe ideological motive. But when I talk to my friends that I grew up with, most of whom WERE in public school, or older people who are watching their grandkids go through the current generation of public school, the vibe I get is that the situation has deteriorated quite a bit since then.

Comment Re:Plenty of FOSS support for Hue devices (Score 3, Informative) 194

Glad to be of help! If you're going this route, another thing I found helpful was using the SN74AHCT125N bus buffer gate to step the 3.3V output from the 8266's RX pin up to the 5V expected by the SK6812. Also, slap a ~67 ohm resistor or so between the 5V signal output from your controller and the first LED. diyHue has some firmware for doing SK6812 stuff -- find that in their github (it's kinda buried), flash it to the 8266 (you can use the Ardunio IDE), then pair to the wifi AP it gives you and set your own wifi access info and light configuration, and then got to diyHue, add lights, punch in the controller's IP and tell it to auto-detect the type... then your lights show up in diyHue!

Another interesting project to look at is WLED. Have fun!

Comment Re:Turn off automatic app updates (Score 1) 194

At a guess, being fairly familiar with the Hue API, I suspect that the hub will not be responsible for enforcing the login requirement since they'd have to make a breaking change to the entire third-party ecosystem they've built up. They've already found it challenging to drive adoption of the v2 API, which did not have this kind of sleaze, and introduced a lot of actual improvements. The bulbs themselves are Zigbee-based and do not do IP at all. The problem is that Philips still controls the phone app. This is where I think Philips will enforce the login requirement.

On Android you can selectively disable app updates, but on iOS you have to disable updates for ALL apps, which is probably not what most people should be doing. Even then, there's a few factors that will cause the ground to move underneath you. For instance:
  - You might want to install Hue on a new device
  - A future OS update could deprecate something that Hue relies on, or something else could happen to stop the app from running without an update
  - Certificate expiration could cause the app to stop talking to the Hue device.

As for your observation about time... there's a lot of functionality that people take advantage of that isn't present in a light switch. The lights can be controlled independently of how they are wired to switches, and set to different colors and given different dynamic effects. And there's a lot of ways people like to control lights besides just manually, like by tying them into door or motion sensors or automating them based on time or presence.

The good news for Hue owners is that there are various third-party apps that you can use instead of the official Philips Hue app, and if I'm right about them not working this into the API, then those will continue to work just fine. The hub itself can also be replaced, either with other off-the-shelf Zigbee stuff, or with a more FOSS-based setup in the Home Assistant ecosystem.

Comment Plenty of FOSS support for Hue devices (Score 4, Insightful) 194

Hue owners:

Go get a Zigbee dongle, and plug it into something that can run Home Assistant and diyHue. A raspberry pi will be fine. In Home Assistant, install Zigbee2MQTT and the diyHue integration. One by one, delete your lights from the Hue bridge, which will make them available to pair with Zigbee2MQTT, which will present them to HA and diyHue. Now you can pair all your favorite third party Hue apps with diyHue, which presents the same API as an official Hue bridge. Each of these projects are open source -- diyHue and Home Assistant are Apache-licensed, and Z2M is GPLv3. None require active Internet access or cloud-based logins.

For apps, you have a variety of options which you can find on Play or App Store. Also, diyHue and Home Assistant both have some native webapp functionality including light control, plus Home Assistant has its own ecosystem surrounding it that you can find apps and such for.

As a bonus, you also gain the ability to integrate with DIY solutions -- for instance, you can buy long reels of light strip (like SK6812-based RGBW strips) that are easily a match for what Philips puts out, with the added capability of individually-addressable LEDs, at a fraction of the price, with more selection in PC board color and IP rating and LED density, and connect them up with cheap ESP8266 controllers. You can now also integrate with tons of other stuff, and link controls for all of it within Home Assistant.

Comment Re:Short sighted (Score 1) 136

That's good info! And you're correct, I did stop with the definitions, since that's about as far as I got over breakfast. My ire was more directed at someone making rude and unconstructive commentary accusing others of making low-effort posts, while making a low-effort post themselves. Thanks for digging into the material more deeply.

Comment Re:Short sighted (Score 3, Informative) 136

Why would you assume this is short sighted? You haven't read it and literally every piece of legislation for environmental purposes has carved out exemptions for things of historical significance. Find the legislation, read it and quote what you disagree with rather than making low effort clueless posts.

The regulation specifically applies to historic locomotives, as stated in 2478.1(c)(5). The only exceptions are locomotives of rated power below 1006hp, and locomotives not used to convey passengers or cargo but specifically used for training mechanics and locomotive engineers by educational institutions, and military use. GP specifically identifies Santa Fe 3751, which Wiki says has a power output of 3,220HP and is used to pull occasional mainline excursion trains with passengers, and is clearly not a military engine. So yes, GP is correct, some historic engines (such as the one he specifically identified) would be affected by this legislation. Maybe next time you find a comment to be inaccurate, and you feel moved to respond, you should take the time to find the regulation, read it and quote what you find to be relevant? Particularly if you are so concerned about whether other people are making "low effort clueless posts" that you take the time to chide them for it...

Privacy

The Privacy Loophole in Your Doorbell (politico.com) 150

Police were investigating his neighbor. A judge gave officers access to all his security-camera footage, including inside his home. From a report: The week of last Thanksgiving, Michael Larkin, a business owner in Hamilton, Ohio, picked up his phone and answered a call. It was the local police, and they wanted footage from Larkin's front door camera. Larkin had a Ring video doorbell, one of the more than 10 million Americans with the Amazon-owned product installed at their front doors. His doorbell was among 21 Ring cameras in and around his home and business, picking up footage of Larkin, neighbors, customers and anyone else near his house. The police said they were conducting a drug-related investigation on a neighbor, and they wanted videos of "suspicious activity" between 5 and 7 p.m. one night in October. Larkin cooperated, and sent clips of a car that drove by his Ring camera more than 12 times in that time frame. He thought that was all the police would need. Instead, it was just the beginning.

They asked for more footage, now from the entire day's worth of records. And a week later, Larkin received a notice from Ring itself: The company had received a warrant, signed by a local judge. The notice informed him it was obligated to send footage from more than 20 cameras -- whether or not Larkin was willing to share it himself. As networked home surveillance cameras become more popular, Larkin's case, which has not previously been reported, illustrates a growing collision between the law and people's own expectation of privacy for the devices they own -- a loophole that concerns privacy advocates and Democratic lawmakers, but which the legal system hasn't fully grappled with. Questions of who owns private home security footage, and who can get access to it, have become a bigger issue in the national debate over digital privacy. And when law enforcement gets involved, even the slim existing legal protections evaporate. "It really takes the control out of the hands of the homeowners, and I think that's hugely problematic," said Jennifer Lynch, the surveillance litigation director of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a digital rights advocacy group.

In the debate over home surveillance, much of the concern has focused on Ring in particular, because of its popularity, as well as the company's track record of cooperating closely with law enforcement agencies. The company offers a multitude of products such as indoor cameras or spotlight cameras for homes or businesses, recording videos based on motion activation, with the footage stored for up to 180 days on Ring's servers. They amount to a large and unregulated web of eyes on American communities -- which can provide law enforcement valuable information in the event of a crime, but also create a 24/7 recording operation that even the owners of the cameras aren't fully aware they've helped to build.

Comment Good idea, not great execution (Score 1) 93

So, the bill in question is the American Innovation and Choice Online Act. https://ancillary-proxy.atarimworker.io?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.congress.gov%2Fbill%2F...

It basically defines a new thing called a "Covered Platform." There's some nuance to what is and isn't a covered platform which you can read in the bill, but the 10,000ft overview is that it's targeting anything that is owned by a business with many tens of millions of ordinary users, or hundreds of thousands of business users, AND is either worth a bunch of money or has at least a billion users worldwide.

If the FTC and DOJ determine that something is a covered platform, then it can't do anything to prioritize the owner's stuff over that of third parties that rely on the platform. Actually, to just copy-paste that part:

(a) In general.—It shall be unlawful for a person operating a covered platform in or affecting commerce to engage in conduct, as demonstrated by a preponderance of the evidence, that would—

(1) preference the products, services, or lines of business of the covered platform operator over those of another business user on the covered platform in a manner that would materially harm competition;

(2) limit the ability of the products, services, or lines of business of another business user to compete on the covered platform relative to the products, services, or lines of business of the covered platform operator in a manner that would materially harm competition;

(3) discriminate in the application or enforcement of the terms of service of the covered platform among similarly situated business users in a manner that would materially harm competition;

(4) materially restrict, impede, or unreasonably delay the capacity of a business user to access or interoperate with the same platform, operating system, or hardware or software features that are available to the products, services, or lines of business of the covered platform operator that compete or would compete with products or services offered by business users on the covered platform;

(5) condition access to the covered platform or preferred status or placement on the covered platform on the purchase or use of other products or services offered by the covered platform operator that are not part of or intrinsic to the covered platform;

(6) use nonpublic data that are obtained from or generated on the covered platform by the activities of a business user or by the interaction of a covered platform user with the products or services of a business user to offer, or support the offering of, the products or services of the covered platform operator that compete or would compete with products or services offered by business users on the covered platform;

(7) materially restrict or impede a business user from accessing data generated on the covered platform by the activities of the business user, or through an interaction of a covered platform user with the products or services of the business user, such as by establishing contractual or technical restrictions that prevent the portability by the business user to other systems or applications of the data of the business user;

(8) materially restrict or impede covered platform users from uninstalling software applications that have been preinstalled on the covered platform or changing default settings that direct or steer covered platform users to products or services offered by the covered platform operator, unless necessary—

(A) for the security or functioning of the covered platform; or

(B) to prevent data from the covered platform operator or another business user from being transferred to the Government of the People's Republic of China or the government of another foreign adversary;

(9) in connection with any covered platform user interface, including search or ranking functionality offered by the covered platform, treat the products, services, or lines of business of the covered platform operator more favorably relative to those of another business user than under standards mandating the neutral, fair, and nondiscriminatory treatment of all business users; or

(10) retaliate against any business user or covered platform user that raises concerns with any law enforcement authority about actual or potential violations of State or Federal law.

Penalties are severe -- up to 15% of gross revenue of the owning company, plus a year of executive compensation before and after the alleged offense for repeat violations. Conviction is by preponderance of the evidence, meaning that the government only has to show that the company most likely caused a violation. There's an exception for measures needed to protect privacy, safety or security of users or the platform, or to maintain or enhance core functionality -- but these are affirmative defenses, meaning that the burden of proof is on the defendant to show that what they did is necessary.

With the stakes so high, the restrictions so broadly-phrased and the government's burden of proof so marginal, this is going to create a compliance nightmare. If you were Apple, how deep would your changes to be in order to bring your platforms into compliance? I don't think anyone can really say -- but if you fuck it up, you'll be liable for tens of billions of dollars in penalties to the government.

I think the end result of AICOA will be that tech companies will do anything to avoid being accused of owning a covered platform subject to US jurisdiction, and to limit liability as much as possible on anything that gets classified as a covered platform. I'm not lawyerly enough to guess what that will be, but I've seen enough lawyering to know that it probably won't be anything like what I or policymakers expect going into this.

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