There was an educational movement just after 2000 where for some reason teachers decided that rote learning was bad, so the activists within the ranks of teachers went through and got rid of everything that was strictly memorization and practice-based.
This is pretend history. The anti-phonics things was much earlier (early 20th century, search for Horace Mann) and only hung around because of idiots who refuse to let go of terrible ideas. This is how we got "balanced literacy" in the 1990's, which combined phonetics with Mann's "whole language" nonsense. (If your kids were taught "sight words", this is probably why.) In the 2000's, the emphasis should have been on these five concepts: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.
Like all bad ideas, Mann's bullshit is still hanging around, passed down like herpes from one generation of teachers to the next. At least, among those that prefer received 'wisdom' over modern science. Teachers, particularly older teachers, require a surprising amount of supervision if you want them to adopt modern techniques. (This is according to a friend of mine who worked as a principle and later superintendent of a local private school.)
it seems like the school boards won't admit their mistakes until the people who made those mistakes retire
The problem, in this case, isn't school boards, but individual teachers. Also, if you don't like your school board, learn how to vote.
I really do feel like the education system was unethically experimenting on my kids this whole time.
That's because you live in a fantasy land, as evidenced by your post. Relax, not everything is a conspiracy.