This is a stupid take, so stupid even the current US education system contradicts it. Is primary and secondary education "rationed" around you? No. Every child gets it, and is mandated to attend it. There are enough schools for everyone, because the government is mandated to provide them.
And then, in civilized countries university is free or almost-free in the beer sense. The only programs that have limited space are the ones where the available jobs are few (like art conservators), or the academic requirements are high (like medicine). Any person can enter, as long as they have the prerequisite knowledge.
As for the "decided by 14" bit, you are also completely wrong. There is no entrance age limit, even for very hard to get courses. So if at the first occasion (around 17 or 18) you do not make the cut, you can try again later. Some go into a related program, work hard, get the high marks, then get back in their preferred program. This diversion is also good for society in two ways: some discover that they love the related stuff, and the ones that get back to their first choice are better-rounded professionals.