It's actually going to be ok for you. That's part of the package. If you work for a company that has over 50 employees and they don't provide insurance, they will have to start offering it or pay a fee to help offset the cost of federally subsidized insurance that you might decide to take out.
If you work for an employer with less than 50 employees or one that decides to eat the fee and not to offer insurance, you can still opt to get a plan at the same rate as everyone else through an exchange.
If you're not on solid financial ground, but still above the poverty line, up to 400% over it to be precise, you'll be eligible for federal subsidies on that exchange plan that will keep the cost low enough for you to afford it. At 150% of the poverty line, you're looking at about $50/mo for a family of 4. I don't know your situation, but that's pretty cheap, and the scale slides down to free the closer to poverty you get.
If you can't afford that, you're likely near or below the poverty line and will qualify for Medicaid at no personal cost.
If you've explored all of those options and you still can't afford it, but make too much to qualify for Medicaid, you can get a waiver due to financial hardship and not pay a thing.
This was all considered and is part of the ACA. If you read up on your particular set of circumstances, you'll likely find that soon (if not now), you'll not only qualify for affordable insurance, but have a right to it.
You can also opt out if you so choose, and pay 1% (maximum) of your salary between now and 2016, and then 2.5% (maximum), which would be silly, because for that amount, with the exchanges and employer incentives, you're going to find a plan that will cover you.
This is the reason people like the plan when it's broken into parts. Most people don't realize how it truly is going to help them afford health care. You won't be forced to buy something expensive. You'll have the opportunity to have health care that you actually can afford.
And because we all love citations, Wikipedia is full of them. Feel free to correct me where I'm wrong, but please do so with fact and not pundit talking points on either side: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act