Who says individuals don't get charged? That's the whole point of negative-interest rate policies. Bank accounts above a certain amount are already charged negative interest in Switzerland, for example.
As for Japan, there is currently a quiet run on banks due to negative interest. Japanese people hoard cash and buy safes.
Of course it will backfire. People will have to save more fore retirement since they cannot count on positive interest to produce gains. Hence consumption and growth will decrease further.
That's why these bozos want to ban most cash. They don't want you to withdraw your cash when the negative interest policy hits.