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Moon

Team Chosen To Extract Oxygen From the Surface of the Moon (digitaltrends.com) 15

"The European Space Agency has announced it has chosen a team to make oxygen on the moon," reports Digital Trends.

"The team, led by aerospace manufacturer Thales Alenia Space, will design and build a payload to create oxygen from lunar soil." [C]arrying oxygen into space using rockets is inefficient, so it would be better if astronauts could find ways to make what they need in the places they are exploring. This principle is called in-situ resource utilization and is a key idea for future missions to the moon and Mars.

The payload for the moon will be designed to create between 50 and 100 grams of oxygen from the dusty material which covers the moon, called regolith. The aim is to extract 70% of the available oxygen in the sample within a 10 day period. That time limit is because it will need to operate within the window of available solar power in a lunar day, which is around two weeks long.

Previous experiments and concepts have shown that it is possible to extract oxygen from lunar regolith, which is made up of around 40 — 45% oxygen by weight. Now, the challenge is to make a workable system within the constraints of size and materials.

A systems engineer from the space agency's design facility has high hopes for the project, according to a statement released Wednesday. "Being able to extract oxygen from moonrock, along with useable metals, will be a game-changer for lunar exploration, allowing the international explorers set to return to the Moon to 'live off the land' without being dependent on long and expensive terrestrial supply lines."

Comment 5G isn't the future (Score 2, Insightful) 98

5G has comically short range, uses tons of battery, and the super high bandwidth speeds are useless for 99%+ of the population. 4G is fast enough for video streaming which is the most intensive bandwidth application for most people. The reason 5G is being pushed so hard is that the 4G bandwidth gets overloaded in dense cities and the signals interfere too much, so their solution is to introduce a new 5G signal that fades out before it gets a chance to interfere with other signals.

Comment It's called Ethereum (Score 1) 48

Bitcoin is already dead, crypto has moved on (but they market hasn't yet). There are already perfectly functional cryptocurrencies that do this. But he's holding a giant bag of Bitcoin so he gets journalists to pump the price of bitcoin by baiting them into writing "positive" news about Bitcoin.

Comment Another Shitcoin to Pollute the Atmosphere (Score 1) 70

They claim it uses less energy than Bitcoin - completely false. The only way to lower the energy use of a coin is to make it Proof of Stake (or similar technology). Having a Proof of Work coin with an algorithm that uses half as much energy as bitcoin's algorithm just means that it'll be run twice as often. The energy use of a Proof of Work coin is ALWAYS proportional to its market capitalisation because the bottleneck is electricity costs.

Comment Nothing more than a PR stunt (Score 1, Troll) 183

Bitcoin is decentralized and those mining it control the network, and there's no chance in hell they'll agree to changes that'll lower their profit. If they change how BTC is mined, it will hurt current miners profits so none of this will get off the ground. It would be a much better use of peoples time and energy to move to a cryptocurrency that has negligible energy usage eg Ethereum once its next update is complete.

Comment This coin is NOT a privacy coin (Score 1) 45

After reading the MobileCoin website its clear that this is not privacy focused at all. It relies upon there being TRUSTED nodes that are approved by the MobileCoin organisation. It seems like they've missed that the whole point of cryptocurrencies is that they are TRUSTLESS. There are well known privacy coins like Monero that don't rely on selected trusted organisations to run nodes. But of course MobileCoin being a coin with a low valuation means that adding it to Signal will boost its value massively (it's already gone up by a factor of 10) - an easy way to make a profit would be to have bought it before this announcement and I have a feeling a couple of people at Signal did just that.

Comment Latency doomed Stadia (Score 0) 119

People will say casual players don't notice latency increases below 10ms but they're wrong. A casual player can easily notice the difference. It's not as important to them sure, but do not make up lies about them not being able to perceive it. You need to go below 1ms for input latency to not be noticeable.

Comment Bitcoin is fueled by FOMO (Score 4, Insightful) 210

Stories like this pressure people who have no understanding of Bitcoin to buy it. People generally think that if the price has gone up recently then it'll keep going up. I don't usually mind FOMO trains like this eg I wasn't bothered by the recent $GME surge. However in this case, a rise in price of Bitcoin directly increases the amount of pollution produced by miners. If the price goes up by a factor of x then the electricity usage miners doubles, and it's already using more power than Argentina. Bitcoin is an environmental disaster. It's irresponsible to hype Bitcoin up.

Comment Re:Electricity usage is proportional to its price (Score 5, Informative) 355

Mining machines are devices that convert electricity into Bitcoin. I can't think of a good way to explain it fully so I'll just walk through an example.
Suppose there's a world with 100 mining machines on it that aren't turned on. Electricity costs $1/hour for each machine when turned on. On this world, Bitcoin's price is $4 and every hour one new Bitcoin is minted that gets distributed to miners. So starting from 0 machines running, the first owner thinks "I should turn on my miner to earn $4/hour minus $1 electricity costs for a profit of $3/hour", so he does. Now the second owner thinks "If I turn on my Bitcoin, I have a 50% chance of getting that Bitcoin worth $4, so my profit is 0.5*$4-$1=$1/Hour. The third thinks 0.333*$4-$1 = $0.33/Hour. The fourth thinks 0.25*$4-$1 = $0/Hour. So it reaches equilibrium at 4 miners and no more miners come along. Now, multiply the price of Bitcoin by ten and start this reasoning again. What you'll find is that there are exactly 10 times as many miners before equilibrium is reached again.
In reality it's messier than this due to the costs and time taken of buying new mining hardware and the varying costs of electricity in the world - this creates a lot of noise that makes it hard to see the relationship were you to just look at the data. But it is at the core of Bitcoin that it's electricity price will always be tied to its price.

Comment Electricity usage is proportional to its price (Score 3, Informative) 355

If Bitcoin's price goes up by a factor of 10, then so does its electricity usage. That's the nature of mining and it can't be escaped. The only thing that lowers mining electricity usage is the halving events that cut down the mining reward for each block in half - the next one is due in 2024.

Comment Back to "Bitcoin at all time high" spam (Score 1) 81

Only 24 hours after the last Bitcoin post, we're back to the "Bitcoin at all time high" spam. Bitcoin is dependent upon FOMO - it has no utility. Once the fomo hits the wall (and this is inevitable - exponential growth can't continue forever), say goodbye to Bitcoin - don't be fooled by the masses yelling "hodl" - just like $GME and their "diamond hands", Bitcoin's price will drop off a cliff. Posts like these fuel this fire of stupid. The huge amount of pollution being pumped into the atmosphere, more than all of Argentina, is literally killing people as we speak. Ethereum and other cryptocurrencies have solved their energy use by moving to algorithms that use almost no energy, but Bitcoin can't solve their issues because there will never be agreement on how to do it, so it will just be forked a thousand times.

Comment A story about bitcoin that isn't about its price?? (Score 0) 129

Incredible, it seems as if someone actually looked at the technology behind Bitcoin and realised it's pretty awful. Musk would've been much smarter to invest in Ethereum which will have much much smaller footprint ones the upgrade is complete. Anyway, we should get back to the "Bitcoin at all time high" spam that generates the FOMO Bitcoin is dependent upon.

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