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Comment Feedback howl (Score 2) 20

So, GPT-4 tries to come up with its best guess as to what is going on in the4 tiny little mindlet of GPT-2. Sometimes it produces useful explanations, but mostly it vomits out voluminous "this neuron sorta responds to everything, maybe the phases of the Moon too, who knows", and that isn't useful for giving researchers insight. So ... they'll have to train up a whole new model with all of THAT data, maybe call it GPT-GGG for Gonkulator Generation Gapper. Feed those results back through recursively and, um, lessee, adjust the gain and phase until the shebang oscillates in a chaotic limit cycle.

Somewhere a light is going to go on. Or more likely heaps of lights will go dark from all the power being drawn by the Gonkulator.

Comment Biting flies? What about biting lions? (Score 4, Interesting) 67

This is the first I've ever heard that zebra stripes might have anything to do with discouraging biting flies. I have read, however, that any time zoologists have attempted to place tracking devices on individual zebras the tagged zebras inevitably fall prey to predators. Apparently no matter how inconspicuous they made the tracking tags, the tags allowed predators to single tagged zebras out. Rather than chasing a bunch of different zebras because predators usually can't quite track individuals in the herd, tagged animals stand out. They thus get chased relentlessly without other zebras to take the pressure off until they tire and succumb.

Comment So Doc Brown invented a time machine... (Score 1) 157

...and that crazy telepathy hemet seems to shrink brain tumours. I have questions.

Does it also scare girlfriends away? Would altering the magnetic flux strength *attract* any girlfriends?

This is Science Timmy, not a Brouhaha! It is so important to investigate and document ALL the anomalies.

Comment Call the helpline? (Score 3, Funny) 182

So the universe might be something like a vertical dipole antenna radiation pattern?
Hmmm.
Maybe with the right transmatch we might *finally* be able to get through to speak with Management. Or at least Management's voicemail system:
Press 1 for all Starfaring Extra Plus questions.
Press 2 for routing problems.
Press 3 for how to set up your Starfaring Basics account.
Press 3 for billing questions (what, you thought any of this would be free?
For all other questions press 4, or wait for a Team Member to assist you or your successor civilisation.
We are currently experiencing median waits of -- 3.15576 E 16 -- Hydrogen transition times.
You call is important to us, please stay on the line.
Press 5 to hear this menu again.

Submission + - Earth May Have Been a 'Water World' 3 Billion Years Ago, Scientists Find (theguardian.com)

An anonymous reader writes: Scientists have found evidence that Earth was covered by a global ocean that turned the planet into a “water world” more than 3 billion years ago. Telltale chemical signatures were spotted in an ancient chunk of ocean crust which point to a planet once devoid of continents, the largest landmasses on Earth. If the findings are confirmed by future work, they will help researchers to refine their theories on where and how the first single-celled life emerged on Earth, and what other worlds may be habitable.

“An early Earth without emergent continents may have resembled a ‘water world’, providing an important environmental constraint on the origin and evolution of life on Earth, as well as its possible existence elsewhere,” the scientists write in Nature Geoscience. Their work centered on a geological site called the Panorama district in north-western Australia’s outback, where a 3.2 billion-year-old slab of ocean floor has been turned on its side. Locked inside the ancient crust are chemical clues about the seawater that covered Earth at the time. The scientists focused on different types of oxygen that seawater had carried into the crust. In particular, they analyzed the relative amounts of two isotopes, oxygen-16 and the ever-so-slightly-heavier oxygen-18, in more than 100 samples of the stone. They found that seawater contained more oxygen-18 when the crust was formed 3.2 billion years ago. The most likely explanation, they believe, is that Earth had no continents at the time, because when these form, the clays they contain absorb the ocean’s heavy oxygen isotopes.

Submission + - Was this life's first meal? (sciencemag.org)

sciencehabit writes: Studies of the origin of life are replete with paradoxes. Take this doozy: Every known organism on Earth uses a suite of proteins—and the DNA that helps build it—to construct the building blocks of our cells. But those very building blocks are also needed to make DNA and proteins.

The solution to this chicken-and-egg conundrum may lie at the site of hydrothermal vents, fissures in the sea floor that spew hot water and a wealth of other chemicals, researchers report today. Scientists say they have found that a trio of metal compounds abundant around the vents can cause hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide (CO2) to react to form a collection of energy-rich organic compounds critical to cell growth. And the high temperatures and pressures around the vents themselves may have jump-started life on Earth, the team argues.

The new work is “thrilling,” says Thomas Carell, an origin of life chemist at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich who was not affiliated with the new project. The organic molecules the study generated include formate, acetate, and pyruvate, which Carell calls “the most fundamental molecules of energy metabolism,” the process of converting nutrients into cell growth. The new results support a long-held idea about the origin of life known as “metabolism first hypothesis.” It posits that geochemical processes on early Earth created a stew of simple energy-rich compounds that drove the synthesis of complex molecules, which eventually provided the materials for Darwinian evolution and life.

Submission + - Two private satellites dock in space in historic first for orbital servicing (space.com)

schwit1 writes: In a historic first for satellite operations, a commercial spacecraft "helper" has docked with a working communications satellite to provide life-extension services.

The companies involved in the meetup — Northrop Grumman and Intelsat — hailed the operation, which took place Tuesday (Feb. 25), as the beginning of a new era that will see robotic spacecraft giving new life to older satellites that are low on fuel or require repairs.

Comment Access time and density (Score 2) 86

Access time for holographic storage, at least as envisioned in the '80s, would have been limited by the electromechanics of the read/write optics, comparable to the way HD seek times are limited by the time constants of voice coil actuators. Electrothermal erasure time constants would have been a problem too, perhaps with a limited erasure lifetime of the media.

Holographic data storage densities would have seemed quite appealing in the mid-'80s, but that was in the era of barely sub-micron feature sizes on semiconductor wafers. The limitations of optical lithography that prevented nanometer scale lithography would have prevented density increases without a corresponding decrease in the R/W wavelengths. Maybe it's a failure of imagination, but I just can't see excimer lasers being miniaturised to the point they would be useful as data storage drives for anything but mainframes or server farms.

Comment What about the Right to be Forgotten? (Score 1) 132

At least in Europe there seems to be a surge of legislative attention to this, though (as far as I know) purely for its temporarily living citizens.

Assuming such archives survive all the new laws, will there be fair use cases? What about for Famous People? Will we see changes to copyright to accomodate such use? Is an archival account of a person copyrightable? Who owns the copyright? Sure, Facebook has the right for certain admittedly expansive uses of our data, but no legal doctrine I know of dissolves an individual's natural right to their own works (other than the old "possession is nine tenths of the law", of dubious validity for digital archives).

Since no person could ever reasonably read, much less compile useful historical information for writing about our times from such archives, AI would necessarily have to do that work. Could it be that, for once, history won't ultimately be written entirely by the victors? Or would it merely mean the victors who write history would be the AIs?

Comment Maxwell's Demon: when attention tends toward zero (Score 5, Interesting) 113

We've heard much talk about the 24-hour news cycle, pretty much ever since the first Persian Gulf war, nearly thirty years. Back then folks used to laugh at the idea of posting newsworthy things to list servers, it being a fact Known By Everyone that the radio and television media would always have the latest news.

But now social media has gotten so far inside that 24-hour news cycle, should we be surprised attention to individual stories decays so quickly? In this regime of information overload, each story behaves more like a few molecules of air colliding than a whole thunderstorm, so much so that all the contradictory stories begin to cancel out, on average, and what we are left with is the much more slowly changing reality of the physical world. In other words, all these micro-trends become a gas—a chaos, as the word 'gas' derives from.

Trying to discern anything useful about the world from obsessing over these micro-trends is akin to Maxwell's Demon attempting to sort the fast from the slow molecules in an attempt to violate the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Perhaps we might eventually come up with an Ideal News Law analogous to the Ideal Gas Law, though I have no clue what the analogous properties of temperature, volume, and pressure would be for news dynamics. Naturally, this all about hot air.

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