I expect someone here to answer that we should just spend near infinite amounts on all of the above. Why not just give everyone a check for $1m?
I'm gonna go ahead and answer you seriously, because why not? The answer is sustainability. Believing everyone should be entitled to the requirements for survival (e.g. food, clothes, shelter, medical care) as well as education (most people disagree only about how much) is different from believing that everyone should get everything they want. For example, you could believe that without working, you shouldn't be able to own much. Instead of handing people a bunch of money, you'd provide them with housing and food, etc.
But it's actually not sensible to do it that way, because if you give people money, they spend it and you tax it, and then they spend it again and you tax it again, and you get it all back eventually but in the process it induces a lot of work. And isn't work what you want done? So yes, of course you hand people money. And then instead of handing them food and necessities, people just go buy those things from this fearsomely efficient crap production machine we call capitalism, and the wheels keep on turning until we deplete our natural resources and/or destroy our biosphere with industry... at least, if the road we're on now continued. But that's not inevitable, it's literally only because we're continuing to allow big oil and friends to decide where we get our energy, how we're going to transport people and goods and so on.