The gold standard for laminar flow aircraft is gliders. Modern gliders can achieve laminar flow up to 95% of chord on the bottom surface, and around 40% on the top surface. Any waviness across the direction of the airflow of more than .004 inch can cause the boundary layer to detach, and form a separation bubble, at the rear of which the flow re attaches as turbulent flow. The bubble has a sluggish internal vortex.

  Modern gliders place a spanwise turbulator on the bottom surface to force the turbulent transition before a bubble forms, either by mechanical strips of blowing air from small holes fed by a NACA duct.
The air sees the bubble as though it were a bump on the the surface, with the associated drag penalty.

Laminar flow is assisted by the acceleration of the airflow from the stagnation point on the leading edge to the point of maximum thickness of the airfoil. When the flow starts to decelerate, laminar flow is easily lost.
Turbulent flow thereafter has increased drag known as scrubbing drag on the surface, and the friction between the surrounding air and the turbulent flow.
A simple way to look at it is view a wing from the front at a zero angle of attack. The part of the surface you can see can support laminar flow.

Placing chordwise grooves may help to promote laminar flow a bit further, however surface contaminants will quickly render any gains moot. The flow is so easily disturbed that Splattered bugs on the leading edge can rob up to 30% of the drag reduction, so those same gliders have mechanical bug wipers that can clean the leading edge in flight.

Composite wings have a much better chance of laminar flow, in practice metal wing in service required frequent resurfacing to maintain laminar flow. Those with rivets, suck as the much vaunted P51 laminar wing rarely achieved laminar flow to any great extent doe to surface imperfections.

Further info and diagrams here: https://ancillary-proxy.atarimworker.io?url=https%3A%2F%2Feaglepubs.erau.edu%2Fint...

I just bought a used 2021 Hyundai Kona EV, low mileage, for a great price (US$22K). The major factor in the choice was it has nearly all physical buttons and rotary controls.
Very happy so far, range in the city is about 500km (300Miles) and long term average consumption is 11.8kwh/100km (6miles per kwh). Battery at 50,00km has no detectable deterioration.
Being retired, nearly all of my trips are no more than 4-5 miles, a use case modern ICE engines do not like at all.
Still got a turbo MX5 for fun drives!

A few fine examples out of literal thousands of his sharpness, energy and persistance.

“Think of it, magnets,” Trump said at a January 2024 rally in Mason City, Iowa. “Now all I know about magnets is this, give me a glass of water, let me drop it on the magnets, that’s the end of the magnets.”

“First they say, ‘Sir, how do you do it? How do you wake up in the morning and put on your pants?’” Trump mused. “And I say, ‘Well, I don’t think about it too much.’ I don’t want to think about it because if I think about it too much maybe I won’t want to do it, but I love it because we’re going to do something for this country that’s never been done before.”

“So many mistakes were made” ahead of the Civil War, Trump said. “See, there was something I think could have been negotiated, to be honest with you. I think you could have negotiated that. All the people died. So many people died.”

Trump went on to suggest that concerns about his legacy might have prevented Lincoln from embracing the lessons of The Art of the Deal.

“Abraham Lincoln, of course, if he negotiated it, you probably wouldn’t even know who Abraham Lincoln was,” Trump said. “He would’ve been president, but he would’ve been president, and he would have been — he wouldn’t have been the Abraham Lincoln.”

I don’t need anybody’s money. It’s nice. I don’t need anybody’s money. I’m using my own money. I’m not using the lobbyists. I’m not using donors. I don’t care. I’m really rich, I’ll show you that in a second. And by the way, I’m not even saying that in a braggadocios that’s the kind that’s the kind of thinking you need for this country.”

There are plenty of places in the capital cities, where 90% of us live.

Musk happily gobbled up govt EV subsidies, he just doesnt like anyone else getting subsidies.

Of course VNE is reduced in rough conditions to rough air max speed, referred to by real pilots as Va max speed for full control movement and Vb. Max gust speed. its written on every aircrafts speed placard. I never mentioned need for power, where did that come in to your fever dream.
I didnt say it prevents you from driving, it simply reduces your situational awareness, which is never a good thing.
After your stunning display of ignorance, I doubt you have any flying experience at all, you dont use correct terminology and spout irrelevancies. That you then agree with the point of my original post by saying “ Or you should have a car which minimizes instrument scans” which cruise control does as I said in my original post is revealing of your poor reading comprehension.

Pilot here to, Of course you scan the instruments once every 5 minutes, but car drivers do it far too often, as they have to obey changing speed limits, and can be fined for exceeding them. Ever been pulled over by the FAA for speeding?
You adjust bank and aoa for a headwind? Do you really fly or are you just making shit up? Perhaps incredibly poorly trained. Good luch flying IMC and looking at the AH every 5 minutes, ever been under the hood ?
Its from pilot training that the refocussing time facts come. It takes between 1-1.5 sec to fully refocus your eyes to distance, thats just medical fact, look it up.

Cruise control enables you to pay more attention to your surroundings not less, regularly looking at the speedo, each time requiring your eyes to refocus on the road reduces your situational awareness, a principle pilots are trained on.

Vin never breaks, but he does brake.

In other words, you cant adapt to adaptive cruise? Cruise or not I always take control well before I catch up with a car of truck in front iI am closing with because I am paying attention.
Seems like a you problem.

gonna find the forkin forker
Who forked my forkin fork.
Rockin Rob Riley “Forklift man”

Its simpler than that. When a band records their first album, they have had their whole life up to that point to write it, or the ideas that become the songs. Any second album is inevitably derivative of that original style, but with much less preparation time.

I forget how backwards the US is, assisted dying and DNR have been operating in some countries for years without the legal issues you mention. People are more likely to be sued for ignoring an DNR.
The price you pay for living in Retardistan I suppose.

No, the morons in most states sold off the electricity assets years ago, promising cheaper power, gas and water. Of course that was always a lie, we now have much higher costs, and much worse service.

Feed in tarrifs have not stopped in Australia, though they are lower than they were. I currently get 8c/kwh.