Alternatives to PostgreSQL

BigQuery is a serverless, multicloud data warehouse that makes working with all types of data effortless, allowing you to focus on extracting valuable business insights quickly. As a central component of Google’s data cloud, it streamlines data integration, enables cost-effective and secure scaling of analytics, and offers built-in business intelligence for sharing detailed data insights. With a simple SQL interface, it also supports training and deploying machine learning models, helping to foster data-driven decision-making across your organization. Its robust performance ensures that businesses can handle increasing data volumes with minimal effort, scaling to meet the needs of growing enterprises. Gemini within BigQuery brings AI-powered tools that enhance collaboration and productivity, such as code recommendations, visual data preparation, and intelligent suggestions aimed at improving efficiency and lowering costs. The platform offers an all-in-one environment with SQL, a notebook, and a natural language-based canvas interface, catering to data professionals of all skill levels. This cohesive workspace simplifies the entire analytics journey, enabling teams to work faster and more efficiently.

Cloud SQL is a fully managed relational database service that supports MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server. It includes rich extensions, configuration flags, and developer ecosystems. Cloud SQL offers $300 in credits for new customers. You won't pay until you upgrade. Reduce maintenance costs by using fully managed MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server databases. The SRE team provides 24/7 support for reliable and secure services. Data encryption in transit and at rest ensures the highest level of security. Private connectivity with Virtual Private Cloud, user-controlled network access, and firewall protection add an additional layer of safety. Compliant with SSAE 16, ISO 27001, PCI DSS, and HIPAA, you can trust your data to be protected. Scale your database instances with a single API request, whether you are just testing or need a highly available database in production. Standard connection drivers and integrated migration tools let you create and connect to a database in a matter of minutes. Transform your database management with AI-driven support in Gemini, currently available in preview on Cloud SQL. It enhances development, optimizes performance, and simplifies fleet management, governance, and migration.

RaimaDB, an embedded time series database that can be used for Edge and IoT devices, can run in-memory. It is a lightweight, secure, and extremely powerful RDBMS. It has been field tested by more than 20 000 developers around the world and has been deployed in excess of 25 000 000 times. RaimaDB is a high-performance, cross-platform embedded database optimized for mission-critical applications in industries such as IoT and edge computing. Its lightweight design makes it ideal for resource-constrained environments, supporting both in-memory and persistent storage options. RaimaDB offers flexible data modeling, including traditional relational models and direct relationships through network model sets. With ACID-compliant transactions and advanced indexing methods like B+Tree, Hash Table, R-Tree, and AVL-Tree, it ensures data reliability and efficiency. Built for real-time processing, it incorporates multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) and snapshot isolation, making it a robust solution for applications demanding speed and reliability.

It is a highly scalable, embedded SQL database that can be accessed from anywhere. It also includes commercial-grade data security, disaster recovery, change synchronization, and data security.

ScaleGrid is a fully managed Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) platform that helps you automate your time-consuming database administration tasks both in the cloud and on-premises. ScaleGrid makes it easy to provision, monitor, backup, and scale open-source databases. It offers advanced security, high availability, query analysis, and troubleshooting support to improve your deployments' performance. The following databases are supported: - MySQL - PostgreSQL - Redis™. - MongoDB®, database - Greenplum™ (coming soon) ScaleGrid supports both public and privately-owned clouds such as AWS, Azure and Google Cloud Platform (GCP), DigitalOcean and Linode, Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, (OCI), VMware, and OpenStack. ScaleGrid is used by thousands of developers, startups, as well as enterprise customers such as Accenture, Meteor and Atlassian. It handles all your database operations at any scale, so you can concentrate on your application performance.

MongoDB is a versatile, document-oriented, distributed database designed specifically for contemporary application developers and the cloud landscape. It offers unparalleled productivity, enabling teams to ship and iterate products 3 to 5 times faster thanks to its adaptable document data model and a single query interface that caters to diverse needs. Regardless of whether you're serving your very first customer or managing 20 million users globally, you'll be able to meet your performance service level agreements in any setting. The platform simplifies high availability, safeguards data integrity, and adheres to the security and compliance requirements for your critical workloads. Additionally, it features a comprehensive suite of cloud database services that support a broad array of use cases, including transactional processing, analytics, search functionality, and data visualizations. Furthermore, you can easily deploy secure mobile applications with built-in edge-to-cloud synchronization and automatic resolution of conflicts. MongoDB's flexibility allows you to operate it in various environments, from personal laptops to extensive data centers, making it a highly adaptable solution for modern data management challenges.

Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) simplifies the process of establishing, managing, and scaling a relational database in the cloud. It offers a cost-effective and adjustable capacity while taking care of tedious administrative tasks such as hardware provisioning, setting up databases, applying patches, and performing backups. This allows you to concentrate on your applications, ensuring they achieve fast performance, high availability, security, and compatibility. Amazon RDS supports various database instance types optimized for memory, performance, or I/O, and offers a selection of six well-known database engines, including Amazon Aurora, PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, Oracle Database, and SQL Server. Additionally, the AWS Database Migration Service facilitates the seamless migration or replication of your existing databases to Amazon RDS, making the transition straightforward and efficient. Overall, Amazon RDS empowers businesses to leverage robust database solutions without the burden of complex management tasks.

Snowflake offers a unified AI Data Cloud platform that transforms how businesses store, analyze, and leverage data by eliminating silos and simplifying architectures. It features interoperable storage that enables seamless access to diverse datasets at massive scale, along with an elastic compute engine that delivers leading performance for a wide range of workloads. Snowflake Cortex AI integrates secure access to cutting-edge large language models and AI services, empowering enterprises to accelerate AI-driven insights. The platform’s cloud services automate and streamline resource management, reducing complexity and cost. Snowflake also offers Snowgrid, which securely connects data and applications across multiple regions and cloud providers for a consistent experience. Their Horizon Catalog provides built-in governance to manage security, privacy, compliance, and access control. Snowflake Marketplace connects users to critical business data and apps to foster collaboration within the AI Data Cloud network. Serving over 11,000 customers worldwide, Snowflake supports industries from healthcare and finance to retail and telecom.

Redis Labs is the home of Redis. Redis Enterprise is the best Redis version. Redis Enterprise is more than a cache. Redis Enterprise can be free in the cloud with NoSQL and data caching using the fastest in-memory database. Redis can be scaled, enterprise-grade resilience, massive scaling, ease of administration, and operational simplicity. Redis in the Cloud is a favorite of DevOps. Developers have access to enhanced data structures and a variety modules. This allows them to innovate faster and has a faster time-to-market. CIOs love the security and expert support of Redis, which provides 99.999% uptime. Use relational databases for active-active, geodistribution, conflict distribution, reads/writes in multiple regions to the same data set. Redis Enterprise offers flexible deployment options. Redis Labs is the home of Redis. Redis JSON, Redis Java, Python Redis, Redis on Kubernetes & Redis gui best practices.

Azure SQL Database, a member of the Azure SQL suite, is a sophisticated and adaptable relational database service designed specifically for cloud environments. It is continuously updated, ensuring you benefit from the latest advancements, including AI-driven features that enhance both performance and reliability. With serverless computing and Hyperscale storage options, resources can effortlessly adjust according to your needs, allowing you to concentrate on creating innovative applications without the stress of managing storage or resources. This fully managed SQL database simplifies the challenges of ensuring high availability, performing tuning, handling backups, and executing other essential database management tasks. You can expedite your application development on the unique cloud platform that offers evergreen SQL, utilizing up-to-date SQL Server features while remaining free from concerns about updates, upgrades, or the end of support. Customize your modern app development experience with both provisioned and serverless compute choices, ensuring flexibility and efficiency tailored to your specific needs. This way, you can unleash your creativity while relying on a robust foundation.

Citus enhances the beloved Postgres experience by integrating the capability of distributed tables, while remaining fully open source. It now supports both schema-based and row-based sharding, alongside compatibility with Postgres 16. You can scale Postgres effectively by distributing both data and queries, starting with a single Citus node and seamlessly adding more nodes and rebalancing shards as your needs expand. By utilizing parallelism, maintaining a larger dataset in memory, increasing I/O bandwidth, and employing columnar compression, you can significantly accelerate query performance by up to 300 times or even higher. As an extension rather than a fork, Citus works with the latest versions of Postgres, allowing you to utilize your existing SQL tools and build on your Postgres knowledge. Additionally, you can alleviate infrastructure challenges by managing both transactional and analytical tasks within a single database system. Citus is available for free download as open source, giving you the option to self-manage it while actively contributing to its development through GitHub. Shift your focus from database concerns to application development by running your applications on Citus within the Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL environment, making your workflow more efficient.

Elastic is a search company. Elasticsearch, Kibana Beats, Logstash, and Elasticsearch are the founders of the ElasticStack. These SaaS offerings allow data to be used in real-time and at scale for analytics, security, search, logging, security, and search. Elastic has over 100,000 members in 45 countries. Elastic's products have been downloaded more than 400 million times since their initial release. Today, thousands of organizations including Cisco, eBay and Dell, Goldman Sachs and Groupon, HP and Microsoft, as well as Netflix, Uber, Verizon and Yelp use Elastic Stack and Elastic Cloud to power mission critical systems that generate new revenue opportunities and huge cost savings. Elastic is headquartered in Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Mountain View, California. It has more than 1,000 employees in over 35 countries.

CockroachDB: Cloud-native distributed SQL. Your cloud applications deserve a cloud-native database. Cloud-based apps and services need a database that can scale across clouds, reduces operational complexity, and improves reliability. CockroachDB provides resilient, distributed SQL with ACID transactions. Data partitioned by geography is also available. Combining CockroachDB and orchestration tools such as Mesosphere DC/OS and Kubernetes to automate mission-critical applications can speed up operations.

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres stands out as a highly dependable and powerful relational database tailored for businesses that demand exceptional query performance and consistent availability. Built on the acclaimed open-source platform PostgreSQL, it incorporates additional enterprise-level features that enhance both security and efficiency. The installation and management of Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres are handled by skilled database professionals from Fujitsu, who are also available to support the transition of data from your current database systems. Given its foundation in PostgreSQL, FEP offers remarkable compatibility with various systems and applications. Furthermore, the user-friendly, streamlined graphical interface significantly enhances the experience for database administrators carrying out essential functions like executing queries, conducting scans, and performing backups, ultimately making data management and reporting more user-friendly and effective. This comprehensive approach ensures that organizations can leverage their data to its fullest potential.

Fauna is a data API that supports rich clients with serverless backends. It provides a web-native interface that supports GraphQL, custom business logic, frictionless integration to the serverless ecosystem, and a multi-cloud architecture that you can trust and grow with.

InfluxDB is a purpose-built data platform designed to handle all time series data, from users, sensors, applications and infrastructure — seamlessly collecting, storing, visualizing, and turning insight into action. With a library of more than 250 open source Telegraf plugins, importing and monitoring data from any system is easy. InfluxDB empowers developers to build transformative IoT, monitoring and analytics services and applications. InfluxDB’s flexible architecture fits any implementation — whether in the cloud, at the edge or on-premises — and its versatility, accessibility and supporting tools (client libraries, APIs, etc.) make it easy for developers at any level to quickly build applications and services with time series data. Optimized for developer efficiency and productivity, the InfluxDB platform gives builders time to focus on the features and functionalities that give their internal projects value and their applications a competitive edge. To get started, InfluxData offers free training through InfluxDB University.

Firebird is a relational database that incorporates numerous features compliant with ANSI SQL standards and is compatible with Linux, Windows, and multiple Unix systems. It boasts remarkable concurrency, impressive performance, and robust support for stored procedures and triggers, making it a popular choice for various applications. Since its inception in 1981, Firebird has been utilized in production environments under different names. The Firebird Project operates independently, consisting of C and C++ developers, technical advisors, and supporters who contribute to the ongoing development of this multi-platform relational database management system, which is based on the source code released by Inprise Corp (now Borland Software Corp) on July 25, 2000. Moreover, the Firebird Project provides a wealth of documentation for users, developers, and administrators, ranging from beginner Quick Start guides to in-depth expert articles that explore numerous aspects of the Firebird system. This extensive resource ensures that anyone working with Firebird can find the information they need to optimize their experience.

IBM Db2 encompasses a suite of data management solutions, prominently featuring the Db2 relational database. These offerings incorporate AI-driven functionalities designed to streamline the management of both structured and unstructured data across various on-premises and multicloud settings. By simplifying data accessibility, the Db2 suite empowers businesses to leverage the advantages of AI effectively. Most components of the Db2 family are integrated within the IBM Cloud Pak® for Data platform, available either as additional features or as built-in data source services, ensuring that nearly all data is accessible across hybrid or multicloud frameworks to support AI-driven applications. You can easily unify your transactional data repositories and swiftly extract insights through intelligent, universal querying across diverse data sources. The multimodel functionality helps reduce expenses by removing the necessity for data replication and migration. Additionally, Db2 offers enhanced flexibility, allowing for deployment on any cloud service provider, which further optimizes operational agility and responsiveness. This versatility in deployment options ensures that businesses can adapt their data management strategies as their needs evolve.

IBM Cloudant® is a robust distributed database tailored for managing the demanding workloads commonly associated with large, rapidly expanding web and mobile applications. Offered as a fully managed service on IBM Cloud™, backed by an SLA, Cloudant allows for the independent scaling of both throughput and storage. You can quickly deploy an instance, set up databases, and adjust throughput capacity and data storage as needed to align with your application’s demands. Furthermore, it ensures data security through encryption, providing optional user-defined key management via IBM Key Protect, while also allowing integration with IBM Identity and Access Management. With a focus on performance and disaster recovery, Cloudant guarantees continuous availability by distributing data across multiple availability zones and six regions, making it an ideal choice for critical applications. This distribution not only enhances app performance but also safeguards against potential data loss, ensuring your applications run smoothly and reliably.

Couchbase distinguishes itself from other NoSQL databases by delivering an enterprise-grade, multicloud to edge solution that is equipped with the powerful features essential for mission-critical applications on a platform that is both highly scalable and reliable. This distributed cloud-native database operates seamlessly in contemporary dynamic settings, accommodating any cloud environment, whether it be customer-managed or a fully managed service. Leveraging open standards, Couchbase merges the advantages of NoSQL with the familiar structure of SQL, thereby facilitating a smoother transition from traditional mainframe and relational databases. Couchbase Server serves as a versatile, distributed database that integrates the benefits of relational database capabilities, including SQL and ACID transactions, with the adaptability of JSON, all built on a foundation that is remarkably fast and scalable. Its applications span various industries, catering to needs such as user profiles, dynamic product catalogs, generative AI applications, vector search, high-speed caching, and much more, making it an invaluable asset for organizations seeking efficiency and innovation.

IBM Informix® is a highly adaptable and efficient database that can effortlessly combine SQL, NoSQL/JSON, as well as time series and spatial data. Its flexibility and user-friendly design position Informix as a top choice for diverse settings, ranging from large-scale enterprise data warehouses to smaller individual application development projects. Moreover, due to its compact footprint and self-managing features, Informix is particularly advantageous for embedded data management applications. The rising demand for IoT data processing necessitates strong integration and processing capabilities, which Informix fulfills with its hybrid database architecture that requires minimal administrative effort and has a small memory footprint while delivering robust functionality. Notably, Informix is well-equipped for multi-tiered architectures that necessitate processing at various levels, including devices, gateway layers, and cloud environments. Furthermore, it incorporates native encryption to safeguard data both at rest and in transit. Additionally, Informix supports a flexible schema alongside multiple APIs and configurations, making it a versatile choice for modern data management challenges.

InterSystems Cache®, a high-performance database, powers transaction processing applications all over the globe. It's used for everything, from mapping a million stars in the Milky Way to processing a trillion equity trades per day to managing smart energy grids. InterSystems has developed Cache, a multi-model (object-relational, key-value), DBMS and application server. InterSystems Cache offers multiple APIs that allow you to work with the same data simultaneously: key/value, relational/object, document, multidimensional, object, object, and object. Data can be managed using SQL, Java, node.js.NET, C++ and Python. Cache also offers an application server that hosts web apps (CSP, REST, SOAP and other types TCP access for Cache data).

The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Store any type data and combine the simplicity and scalability NoSQL with SQL. CrateDB is a distributed database that runs queries in milliseconds regardless of the complexity, volume, and velocity.

Create adaptable, decentralized systems that can utilize the complete history of your vital data rather than just its latest version. You can either build these systems on your current infrastructure or opt to transition directly to cloud solutions. Gaining critical insights requires understanding the entire narrative of your data, not merely its most recent status. Datomic maintains a repository of unchangeable facts, offering your applications a robust consistency while facilitating horizontal read scalability along with integrated caching features. Since facts are never modified directly and all data is preserved by default, you benefit from inherent auditing capabilities and the option to query historical information. Additionally, this system supports fully ACID-compliant transactions. The information model of Datomic is designed to accommodate a diverse range of use cases. With the Datomic Peer library, you can disseminate immutable data across your application nodes, ensuring in-memory access to your information. Alternatively, leverage the client library to establish lightweight nodes tailored for microservice architectures, enabling seamless integration and enhanced performance. By utilizing these capabilities, you can achieve a comprehensive understanding of your data landscape.

Greenplum Database® stands out as a sophisticated, comprehensive, and open-source data warehouse solution. It excels in providing swift and robust analytics on data volumes that reach petabyte scales. Designed specifically for big data analytics, Greenplum Database is driven by a highly advanced cost-based query optimizer that ensures exceptional performance for analytical queries on extensive data sets. This project operates under the Apache 2 license, and we extend our gratitude to all current contributors while inviting new ones to join our efforts. In the Greenplum Database community, every contribution is valued, regardless of its size, and we actively encourage diverse forms of involvement. This platform serves as an open-source, massively parallel data environment tailored for analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence applications. Users can swiftly develop and implement models aimed at tackling complex challenges in fields such as cybersecurity, predictive maintenance, risk management, and fraud detection, among others. Dive into the experience of a fully integrated, feature-rich open-source analytics platform that empowers innovation.

Introducing a versatile and free database management tool designed for developers, database administrators, analysts, and anyone who engages with databases. It offers compatibility with a wide range of popular databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, Oracle, DB2, SQL Server, Sybase, MS Access, Teradata, Firebird, Apache Hive, Phoenix, Presto, among others. Recent updates include a new format configuration editor for the "Copy As" feature, enhanced performance through additional configurations in the filter dialog, and the ability to sort by column with fixed settings for smaller fetch sizes. Users can now benefit from case-insensitive filters, while the plaintext view has been improved by incorporating top and bottom dividers. Furthermore, the data editor has been rectified to address issues arising from column name conflicts with alias names, and the command for duplicating rows has been fixed for cases involving multiple selections. The context menu has been updated to include the edit sub-menu once again, and auto-sizing configurations for columns have been introduced. Additionally, the dictionary viewer has been corrected for use with read-only connections, and new features support current and selected row highlighting, which can be customized according to user preferences. This tool continues to evolve, ensuring that users have the best possible experience while working with their database management tasks.

Handling and storing tabular data, such as that found in CSV or Parquet formats, is essential for data management. Transferring large result sets to clients is a common requirement, especially in extensive client/server frameworks designed for centralized enterprise data warehousing. Additionally, writing to a single database from various simultaneous processes poses its own set of challenges. DuckDB serves as a relational database management system (RDBMS), which is a specialized system for overseeing data organized into relations. In this context, a relation refers to a table, characterized by a named collection of rows. Each row within a table maintains a consistent structure of named columns, with each column designated to hold a specific data type. Furthermore, tables are organized within schemas, and a complete database comprises a collection of these schemas, providing structured access to the stored data. This organization not only enhances data integrity but also facilitates efficient querying and reporting across diverse datasets.

When seeking a database that ensures both scalability and high availability without sacrificing performance, Apache Cassandra stands out as an ideal option. Its linear scalability paired with proven fault tolerance on standard hardware or cloud services positions it as an excellent choice for handling mission-critical data effectively. Additionally, Cassandra's superior capability to replicate data across several datacenters not only enhances user experience by reducing latency but also offers reassurance in the event of regional failures. This combination of features makes it a robust solution for organizations that prioritize data resilience and efficiency.

ClickHouse is an efficient, open-source OLAP database management system designed for high-speed data processing. Its column-oriented architecture facilitates the creation of analytical reports through real-time SQL queries. In terms of performance, ClickHouse outshines similar column-oriented database systems currently on the market. It has the capability to handle hundreds of millions to over a billion rows, as well as tens of gigabytes of data, on a single server per second. By maximizing the use of available hardware, ClickHouse ensures rapid query execution. The peak processing capacity for individual queries can exceed 2 terabytes per second, considering only the utilized columns after decompression. In a distributed environment, read operations are automatically optimized across available replicas to minimize latency. Additionally, ClickHouse features multi-master asynchronous replication, enabling deployment across various data centers. Each node operates equally, effectively eliminating potential single points of failure and enhancing overall reliability. This robust architecture allows organizations to maintain high availability and performance even under heavy workloads.

Amazon Aurora is a cloud-based relational database that is compatible with both MySQL and PostgreSQL, merging the high performance and reliability of traditional enterprise databases with the ease and affordability of open-source solutions. Its performance surpasses that of standard MySQL databases by as much as five times and outpaces standard PostgreSQL databases by three times. Additionally, it offers the security, availability, and dependability synonymous with commercial databases, all at a fraction of the cost—specifically, one-tenth. Fully managed by the Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS), Aurora simplifies operations by automating essential tasks such as hardware provisioning, database configuration, applying patches, and conducting backups. The database boasts a self-healing, fault-tolerant storage system that automatically scales to accommodate up to 64TB for each database instance. Furthermore, Amazon Aurora ensures high performance and availability through features like the provision of up to 15 low-latency read replicas, point-in-time recovery options, continuous backups to Amazon S3, and data replication across three distinct Availability Zones, which enhances data resilience and accessibility. This combination of features makes Amazon Aurora an appealing choice for businesses looking to leverage the cloud for their database needs while maintaining robust performance and security.

Iceberg is an advanced format designed for managing extensive analytical tables efficiently. It combines the dependability and ease of SQL tables with the capabilities required for big data, enabling multiple engines such as Spark, Trino, Flink, Presto, Hive, and Impala to access and manipulate the same tables concurrently without issues. The format allows for versatile SQL operations to incorporate new data, modify existing records, and execute precise deletions. Additionally, Iceberg can optimize read performance by eagerly rewriting data files or utilize delete deltas to facilitate quicker updates. It also streamlines the complex and often error-prone process of generating partition values for table rows while automatically bypassing unnecessary partitions and files. Fast queries do not require extra filtering, and the structure of the table can be adjusted dynamically as data and query patterns evolve, ensuring efficiency and adaptability in data management. This adaptability makes Iceberg an essential tool in modern data workflows.

OrientDB stands out as the fastest graph database globally. An independent benchmarking analysis conducted by IBM alongside the Tokyo Institute of Technology revealed that OrientDB outperforms Neo4j by a factor of ten in graph operations across various workloads. This exceptional speed can help organizations gain a competitive edge and foster innovation, ultimately leading to the development of new revenue opportunities. By leveraging OrientDB, businesses can enhance their operational efficiency and stay ahead in a rapidly evolving market.

Store data in its native format for graph, document, and search purposes. Leverage a comprehensive query language that allows for rich access to this data. Map the data directly to the database and interact with it through optimal methods tailored for specific tasks, such as traversals, joins, searches, rankings, geospatial queries, and aggregations. Experience the benefits of polyglot persistence without incurring additional costs. Design, scale, and modify your architectures with ease to accommodate evolving requirements, all while minimizing effort. Merge the adaptability of JSON with advanced semantic search and graph technologies, enabling the extraction of features even from extensive datasets, thereby enhancing data analysis capabilities. This combination opens up new possibilities for handling complex data scenarios efficiently.

Riak is a distributed systems expert and works with Application teams to overcome distributed system challenges. Riak's Riak®, a distributed NoSQL databank, delivers: Unmatched resilience beyond the typical "high availability" offerings - Innovative technology to ensure data accuracy, and never lose a word. - Massive scale for commodity hardware - A common code foundation that supports true multi-model support Riak®, offers all of this while still focusing on ease-of-use. Choose Riak®, KV flexible key value data model for web scale profile management, session management, real time big data, catalog content management, customer 360, digital message and other use cases. Choose Riak®, TS for IoT, time series and other use cases.

QuestDB is an advanced relational database that focuses on column-oriented storage optimized for time series and event-driven data. It incorporates SQL with additional features tailored for time-based analytics to facilitate real-time data processing. This documentation encompasses essential aspects of QuestDB, including initial setup instructions, comprehensive usage manuals, and reference materials for syntax, APIs, and configuration settings. Furthermore, it elaborates on the underlying architecture of QuestDB, outlining its methods for storing and querying data, while also highlighting unique functionalities and advantages offered by the platform. A key feature is the designated timestamp, which empowers time-focused queries and efficient data partitioning. Additionally, the symbol type enhances the efficiency of managing and retrieving frequently used strings. The storage model explains how QuestDB organizes records and partitions within its tables, and the use of indexes can significantly accelerate read access for specific columns. Moreover, partitions provide substantial performance improvements for both calculations and queries. With its SQL extensions, users can achieve high-performance time series analysis using a streamlined syntax that simplifies complex operations. Overall, QuestDB stands out as a powerful tool for handling time-oriented data effectively.

A version of PostgreSQL enhanced with security, DBA, and Developer features as well as Oracle database compatibility. Kubernetes allows you to manage deployment, high availability, and automated failover. Postgres containers are lightweight and immutable, allowing you to deploy anywhere. Automate failover, switchovers, backups, recovery and rolling updates. You can move your images and operators to any cloud, so you don't have to be locked in. Our experts can help you overcome containerization and Kubernetes issues. Oracle compatibility allows you to leave your legacy database behind without having to start from scratch. Migrate client applications and databases faster with fewer problems. Tuning and boosting performance can improve the end-user's experience. Deployment on-premises or in the cloud is possible. In a world in which downtime can lead to revenue loss, High-Availability is essential for business continuity.

PostGIS serves as an extension for the PostgreSQL object-relational database, enhancing its capabilities with spatial features that enable the execution of geographic queries in SQL. Beyond just fundamental location functionalities, it provides a variety of advanced tools and features that are less common in other spatial databases like Oracle Locator/Spatial and SQL Server. Additionally, with PostgreSQL 14, PostGIS can take advantage of the improved GiST building support API, which significantly boosts performance. When compiled with the latest GEOS 3.10.1, users can benefit from enhancements in the ST_MakeValid function along with various speed optimizations, making it a powerful choice for handling spatial data effectively. This ensures that developers and analysts can work with geospatial data in a more efficient and streamlined manner.

SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) serves as a comprehensive platform for overseeing a range of SQL infrastructures, including both SQL Server and Azure SQL Database. It offers a variety of tools aimed at configuring, monitoring, and administrating SQL Server instances along with their associated databases. With SSMS, users can deploy, oversee, and enhance the data-tier components integral to their applications, as well as create queries and scripts. Additionally, SSMS facilitates the querying, designing, and management of databases and data warehouses, whether they reside on local machines or in the cloud. This makes SSMS an essential tool for database administrators and developers alike, ensuring efficient handling of data management tasks.

SQL is a specialized programming language designed specifically for the purpose of retrieving, organizing, and modifying data within relational databases and the systems that manage them. Its use is essential for effective database management and interaction.

RocksDB is a high-performance database engine that employs a log-structured design and is entirely implemented in C++. It treats keys and values as byte streams of arbitrary sizes, allowing for flexibility in data representation. Specifically designed for rapid, low-latency storage solutions such as flash memory and high-speed disks, RocksDB capitalizes on the impressive read and write speeds provided by these technologies. The database supports a range of fundamental operations, from basic tasks like opening and closing a database to more complex functions such as merging and applying compaction filters. Its versatility makes RocksDB suitable for various workloads, including database storage engines like MyRocks as well as application data caching and embedded systems. This adaptability ensures that developers can rely on RocksDB for a wide spectrum of data management needs in different environments.

SQLite is a C-language library that offers a compact, efficient, and reliable SQL database engine that is fully featured. Recognized as the most popular database engine globally, SQLite is embedded in every mobile device and the majority of computers, while also being included in a myriad of applications that are used daily by individuals. Operating as an in-process library, SQLite provides a self-sufficient, serverless, and zero-configuration transactional SQL database engine. The source code of SQLite resides in the public domain, making it available for anyone to use freely, whether for commercial or personal purposes. With its extensive deployment and integration into numerous applications, SQLite stands out as an invaluable tool for developers in various high-profile projects. Its versatility and ease of use contribute to its unmatched popularity in the database landscape.

Open-source, cloud-native distributed SQL database that allows for elastic scale and real time analytics. TiDB is supported by a wealth open-source data migration tools within the ecosystem. This allows you to choose your own vendor without worrying about lock-in. TiDB was designed to scale SQL without compromising your application. HTAP database platform which enables real-time situation analysis and decision making on transactional data. It eliminates friction between IT goals and business goals. TiDB is ACID compliant and strongly consistent. TiDB can be used as a scaled-out MySQL database using familiar SQL syntaxes. TiDB automatically shards data so you don’t have to do this manually. To scale horizontally or elastically to support your business growth, you can add new nodes. TiDB automates the ETL process, and automatically recovers from errors.

SingleStore, previously known as MemSQL, is a highly scalable and distributed SQL database that can operate in any environment. It is designed to provide exceptional performance for both transactional and analytical tasks while utilizing well-known relational models. This database supports continuous data ingestion, enabling operational analytics critical for frontline business activities. With the capacity to handle millions of events each second, SingleStore ensures ACID transactions and allows for the simultaneous analysis of vast amounts of data across various formats, including relational SQL, JSON, geospatial, and full-text search. It excels in data ingestion performance at scale and incorporates built-in batch loading alongside real-time data pipelines. Leveraging ANSI SQL, SingleStore offers rapid query responses for both current and historical data, facilitating ad hoc analysis through business intelligence tools. Additionally, it empowers users to execute machine learning algorithms for immediate scoring and conduct geoanalytic queries in real-time, thereby enhancing decision-making processes. Furthermore, its versatility makes it a strong choice for organizations looking to derive insights from diverse data types efficiently.

TimescaleDB is the most popular open-source relational database that supports time-series data. Fully managed or self-hosted. You can rely on the same PostgreSQL that you love. It has full SQL, rock-solid reliability and a huge ecosystem. Write millions of data points per node. Horizontally scale up to petabytes. Don't worry too much about cardinality. Reduce complexity, ask more questions and build more powerful applications. You will save money with 94-97% compression rates using best-in-class algorithms, and other performance improvements. Modern cloud-native relational database platform that stores time-series data. It is based on PostgreSQL and TimescaleDB. This is the fastest, easiest, and most reliable way to store all of your time-series information. All observability data can be considered time-series data. Time-series problems are those that require efficient solutions to infrastructure and application problems.

Tibero has implemented a unique Tibero Thread Architecture to address the disadvantages of previous DBMSs. As a result, Tibero can make efficient use of system resources, such as CPU and memory, with fewer server processes. This ensures that Tibero offers high performance, reliability, and scalability, while facilitating efficient development and administration functions. Additionally, it provides users and developers with various standard development interfaces for easy integration with other DBMSs and 3rd party tools. In addition, Tibero adopts the block transfer technology to improve TAC, the shared database clustering which is similar to Oracle RAC. Through the enhanced function, Tibero supports performance optimization with self-tuning, reliable database monitoring, and performance management.